Nov 22, 2024 · chemistry, the science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances (defined as elements and compounds), the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed during these processes.

Jan 4, 2025 · The term biochemistry is synonymous with two somewhat older terms: physiological chemistry and biological chemistry. Those aspects of biochemistry that deal with the chemistry and function of very large molecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids) are often grouped under the term molecular biology. Biochemistry has been known under that term ...

Dec 20, 2024 · Oxidation-reduction reaction - Redox, Origins, Chemistry: Of the chemical processes now regarded as redox reactions, combustion was the earliest focus of philosophical and scientific attention. The Greek scientific philosopher Empedocles listed fire as one of the four elements of matter.

Chemistry - Analysis, Reactions, Compounds: Most of the materials that occur on Earth, such as wood, coal, minerals, or air, are mixtures of many different and distinct chemical substances. Each pure chemical substance (e.g., oxygen, iron, or water) has a characteristic set of properties that gives it its chemical identity.

physical chemistry, branch of chemistry concerned with interactions and transformations of materials. Unlike other branches, it deals with the principles of physics underlying all chemical interactions (e.g., gas laws), seeking to measure, correlate, and explain the quantitative aspects of …

Chemistry - Elements, Reactions, Revolution: The new research on “airs” attracted the attention of the young French aristocrat Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier. Lavoisier commanded both the wealth and the scientific brilliance to enable him to construct elaborate apparatuses to carry out his numerous ingenious experiments.

Organic chemistry is the largest area of specialization among the various fields of chemistry. It derives its name from the fact that in the 19th century most of the carbon compounds then known were considered to have originated in living organisms.

Chemical kinetics, the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding how fast or how slow chemical reactions occur (that is, their rates). The principles of chemical kinetics apply to purely physical processes as well as to chemical reactions.

Jan 5, 2025 · Fukui Kenichi (born Oct. 4, 1918, Nara, Japan—died Jan. 9, 1998, Kyoto) was a Japanese chemist, corecipient with Roald Hoffmann of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1981 for their independent investigations of the mechanisms of chemical reactions.

Jan 8, 2025 · He developed the modern system of naming chemical substances and has been called the “father of modern chemistry” for his emphasis on careful experimentation. How was Antoine Lavoisier educated? After studying the humanities and sciences at the Collège Mazarin, Antoine Lavoisier studied law.