There are numerous scenarios where site selection cannot be made merely based upon geological formations due to certain technical requirements. In those cases, slope stabilization techniques should be ...

Penetration value test on bitumen is a measure of hardness or consistency of bituminous material. A 80/100 grade bitumen indicates that its penetration value lies between 80 & 100.

Quality tests on concrete are performed as a part of quality control of concrete structures. Different quality tests on concrete such as compressive strength tests, slump tests, permeability tests … ...

Reading time: 1 minute Concrete slump test or slump cone test is to determine the workability or consistency of concrete mix prepared at the laboratory or the construction site during the progress of ...

Reading time: 1 minute In an era when sustainability has become an important benchmark for forward-thinking buildings, it's inspiring to see how far architecture and design have come in the pursuit of ...

Various terms are used in leveling which must be understood clearly before starting surveying. Leveling is conducted in the field to know the elevation difference between two points.

3. Waffle Slab (Grid slab) It is a type of reinforced concrete slab that contains square grids with deep sides. Waffle slab construction process includes fixing forms, placement of pods on shuttering, ...

Phases in life cycle of a construction project are initiation, planning, execution, performance and monitoring and closure phase of construction projects.

Concrete crack repairs are selected based on structural evaluation. Causes of concrete cracks should be first evaluated for successful crack repair selection.

Building material is any material used for construction purpose such as materials for house building. Wood, cement, aggregates, metals, bricks, concrete, clay are the most common type of building ...

Dumpy level is commonly used leveling instrument to locate the points in same horizontal plane. Components, procedure and advantages of dumpy level surveying is discussed.

Road transportation is an essential network for any country. Classification of roads based on many factors such as materials, locations, traffic etc. are discussed.