Although very different to triggers of old, they still cause the same chain reaction in our nervous system, which starts with the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

This is called the sympathetic adrenomedullary system, or SAM. The secondary phase, however, involves the HPA, which is a delayed effect compared to the synaptic mechanisms that activate the SAM.

The sympathetic nervous system is a sub-system of your peripheral nervous system. Whenever you touch, taste, or see something, it’s because nerves are sending impulses to your brain to help you ...

Stressful events activate the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which trigger the “fight or flight” response that floods the body with ...

Key points The field of neuroendocrinology covers the functional interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system. Fluctuations in stress hormones can affect mental health.

Brown said the HPA axis ends with the release of cortisol into the bloodstream, a hormone that signals stress and can have negative effects, such as inflammation and increased susceptibility to ...

A review in Advanced Science explores the interaction between the immune system and the sympathetic nervous system in regulating vital metabolic organs like the pancreas, liver, and adipose ...

It has a positive influence on your hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is your central nervous response system. This is good because the HPA axis is responsible for your stress response.

At the same time, but a little more slowly, the HPA axis activates the adrenal glands to produce the hormone cortisol. This can help a person meet threats that might last for hours or even days ...