Ecology is studied at different levels: individual, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere (these pictures are from a different text). Understanding interactions may help in the removal and/or ...

Ecology is studied at different levels: individual, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere (these pictures are from a different text). Understanding interactions may help in the removal and/or ...

Conventional levels of organization in ecology can be hierarchically ordered, but there is not necessarily a time or space scale-dependent difference between the classes: cell, organism, population, ...

We present evidence that the heritable genetic variation within individual species, especially dominant and keystone species, has community and ecosystem consequences. These consequences represent ...

At the heart of the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve is the island of Providencia. It is one of the largest and most biodiverse areas in the Caribbean that has been recognized by UNESCO since 2000.

The MangRes Project —“Mangrove Restoration as a Nature-Based Solution in Biosphere Reserves of Latin America and the Caribbean”— aims to strengthen the resilience of coastal ecosystems and the ...