Music listening rarely involves exclusive focus on the sounds themselves. Instead, listeners often experience visual imagery, autobiographical memories, and a feeling of movement (Küssner, 2023).

Involuntary Musical Imagery (IMI): The spontaneous, unwilled recall or replay of musical fragments within one’s mind. Earworms: Repetitive and persistent musical phrases or melodies that recur ...

Other studies have also found listeners use music “ to keep them company ”. Such reports suggest music might be able shape ...

Master percussionist Chief Baba Neil Clarke explained that African musical traditions — which included African instruments and aesthetics — significantly shaped American music and led to the ...

Music listening rarely involves exclusive focus on the sounds themselves. Instead, listeners often experience visual imagery, autobiographical memories, and a feeling of movement (Küssner, 2023).