The basic scheme here is known as confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, where a laser at one wavelength excites fluorescent tags bound to structures in a sample. Light emitted by the ...

This 3D-printed confocal laser scanning microscope is a good example of an instrument for measuring really small stuff. As [Zachary Tong] points out, confocal scanning microscopy uses a clever ...

26-point patch plot of TSV depth variation across a 300 mm wafer. Image Credit: Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology Standard reflectometry techniques employ a highly concentrated laser beam to achieve ...