First he guaranteed he was working with a DC power source by inserting a small full-wave bridge rectifier ... used some 1978 vintage current limiting diodes designed to pass 2mA each regardless ...

could be used to replace both the rectifiers and transistors necessary to connect long distance phone calls. In essence, the four-layer diode was the first integrated circuit since it did the work ...

Reverse engineering has given us extensive die photography of integrated circuits ... rectifier it’s 50V. For the higher-spec 1N4007, the reverse voltage rating is 700V. This diode has ...