Artificial Life (AL) and Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) represent interrelated fields that explore how individual, relatively simple entities – be they digital organisms, autonomous agents or ...

Complex Adaptive Systems By John Holland Complex adaptive systems are comprised of individual components, each with their own function: neurons conveying action potential for movement, antibodies ...

A complex adaptive system has three characteristics. The first is that the system consists of a number of heterogeneous agents, and each of those agents makes decisions about how to behave. The most ...

In today's fast-paced business world, small changes can lead to significant outcomes. As in nature, where simple interactions create complex systems, businesses operate within intricate networks. This ...