Cryo-EM micrograph (left) of myoferlin particles (with one particle highlighted circle). 3D reconstruction of the myoferlin structure (right), with compact ring-like arrangement of the various key ...

While it can be helpful for learners to begin with the linear presentation of how stretches of DNA form genes, this oversimplification undersells the significance of the genome's 3D structure.

More information: Yanli Wang et al, Reconstructing 3D chromosome structures from single-cell Hi-C data with SO (3)-equivariant graph neural networks, NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics (2025).

In cross-section, they looked like 10 nm rings nestled between the poly-GA ribbons. To sharpen the view, they digitally cut out a few and aligned them to each other, generating a common structure.

With cryo-EM, researchers can see every molecule in the virus, enabling the team to capture every angle and reconstruct it into a 3D structure featuring the details of the surface proteins.

Proteasome inhibitors are drugs that were initially designed to explore the activities of proteasomes. However, once the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway was discovered, the potential effects of ...

Structure of the wild-type Mtb proteasome (in side, oblique and top views, left panel) and an α-subunit N-terminal deletion mutant (also in side, oblique and top views, right panel) derived by EM ...

Pity the Proteasome. In primary neurons, 25kDa C-terminal stubs of TDP-43 form gel-like blobs (red), which contain ring-like structures (yellow) formed by proteasomes (blue). These are bound to an ...